Application of optical fiber communication in power system relay protection equipment
Release:
Release:
In China, transmission lines of 220kV and above are still the most important power transmission channels. Large transmission capacity and high voltage level are the main characteristics of these channels. However, once an accident occurs during the transmission process, it will cause serious damage to the entire power system, and finally affect the safe and stable operation of the entire power system, endangering the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, it is common practice to use relay protection devices to quickly cut out various faults that occur in high-voltage power lines. Because relay protection plays a significant role in the entire power system, optical fiber communication is generally used as the physical transmission channel of the relay protection device to protect the signal. This is mainly because the application of optical fiber communication technology in relay protection has the main advantages of large information transmission, strong anti-interference, and high transmission quality, as follows:
1.Large amount of information transmission For long-distance communication transmission, the main technology used is optical fiber communication technology, which benefits from the main advantages of optical fiber communication technology transmission frequency bandwidth and large information transmission. In the power system, the commonly used carrier frequency is generally low, far from meeting the growing demand for electricity, and the carrier frequency used by optical fiber is at least a hundred times the commonly used carrier frequency. Therefore, the extensive use of optical fiber communication technology in relay protection can meet the higher requirements of the growing power demand for relay protection on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can also play a high role in improving the reliability and accuracy of relay protection.
2. Strong anti-interference performance In order to ensure that high-voltage equipment or transportation lines will not produce induced magnetic field interference in optical fiber lines, quartz with good insulation performance is mainly used as the basic material used in optical fibers. The application of optical fiber in relay protection can avoid unnecessary interference, which is a major advantage of optical communication technology. The good operation of the power grid has little impact on the fiber vertical protection channel. With the increasing stability demand of power users for the power system and the increasing system voltage level, optical fiber communication technology has been widely used because of its many advantages, and has achieved a series of good results after use.
3. High transmission quality In optical fiber communication technology, its advantages that cannot be ignored are good confidentiality performance, small signal interference, high optical fiber transmission quality, and the basic requirements of high-voltage transmission systems for relay protection rapidity are exactly the characteristics of optical communication technology. Optical communication transmission technology can ensure that the information of the distribution port and the receiving port are consistent, so as to ensure the normal, stable and accurate line transmission.
The communication mode between Fibre Channel and relay protection mainly includes two main types: special optical fiber communication mode and multiplexed optical fiber communication mode, each communication mode has its characteristics and applicable situations, and the selection of the mode should be carried out according to the actual situation in the process of use.
The first is a dedicated optical fiber communication method. The dedicated communication method only transmits relay protection information and does not transmit other information, mainly because the dedicated communication method is a dedicated Fibre Channel established specifically for relay protection. The communication distance of the dedicated communication method is generally within 100km, which can meet the basic requirements of power enterprises. This kind of method has the characteristics of high propagation efficiency, simple method, no intermediate links and equipment, etc., and can effectively apply and short-distance relay protection information transmission.
The second multiplexed optical fiber communication method. The multiplexed communication method is mainly composed of the cooperation of each optical fiber in the vertical protection. The relay protection device emits a permissible signal and a straight jump signal in the permissible mode, and then the signal is transmitted to the relevant multiplexed equipment through the audio interface, and then to Fibre Channel. Simple wiring is a great advantage of this transmission method, which has an important role in promoting the maintenance and operation of circuit systems. The multiplexed optical fiber communication method is widely used in long-distance line protection. Due to its many advantages, Fibre Channel is widely used in relay protection equipment. With the development of the times and the advancement of science and technology, China's relay protection will be oriented to the development of informatization, networking and intelligence in the future, which puts forward higher requirements for the work of relay protection, and also brings higher requirements for optical modules, the core components of optical fiber communication. On the one hand, there is huge market potential, with nearly 300,000 shipments of relay equipment-related optical module segments in 2021. Market demand is expected to grow by another 15% per year. On the other hand, thermal control of optical modules as well as thermal design and tougher challenges. The requirements for the stability and reliability of relay protection equipment limit some commonly used heat dissipation designs, such as the prohibition of fans in the equipment; Higher protection class requirements limit heat dissipation through chassis cut-outs. Under normal circumstances, only natural convection and conduction can be used to control the internal ambient temperature of the equipment to meet the operating requirements. Therefore, in the case of increasing heat consumption at the board level and some traditional heat dissipation methods are limited by standards, it is difficult to carry out effective heat dissipation design of modules, and effective product thermal design methods are required, and the introduction of new materials and new processes is explored.
The reasonable application of optical fiber communication technology can smoothly improve the function and safety of relay protection, so as to smoothly meet the basic needs of power enterprises, complete the protection of related lines, and promote the safety and stability of the power system.
1.Large amount of information transmission For long-distance communication transmission, the main technology used is optical fiber communication technology, which benefits from the main advantages of optical fiber communication technology transmission frequency bandwidth and large information transmission. In the power system, the commonly used carrier frequency is generally low, far from meeting the growing demand for electricity, and the carrier frequency used by optical fiber is at least a hundred times the commonly used carrier frequency. Therefore, the extensive use of optical fiber communication technology in relay protection can meet the higher requirements of the growing power demand for relay protection on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can also play a high role in improving the reliability and accuracy of relay protection.
2. Strong anti-interference performance In order to ensure that high-voltage equipment or transportation lines will not produce induced magnetic field interference in optical fiber lines, quartz with good insulation performance is mainly used as the basic material used in optical fibers. The application of optical fiber in relay protection can avoid unnecessary interference, which is a major advantage of optical communication technology. The good operation of the power grid has little impact on the fiber vertical protection channel. With the increasing stability demand of power users for the power system and the increasing system voltage level, optical fiber communication technology has been widely used because of its many advantages, and has achieved a series of good results after use.
3. High transmission quality In optical fiber communication technology, its advantages that cannot be ignored are good confidentiality performance, small signal interference, high optical fiber transmission quality, and the basic requirements of high-voltage transmission systems for relay protection rapidity are exactly the characteristics of optical communication technology. Optical communication transmission technology can ensure that the information of the distribution port and the receiving port are consistent, so as to ensure the normal, stable and accurate line transmission.
The communication mode between Fibre Channel and relay protection mainly includes two main types: special optical fiber communication mode and multiplexed optical fiber communication mode, each communication mode has its characteristics and applicable situations, and the selection of the mode should be carried out according to the actual situation in the process of use.
The first is a dedicated optical fiber communication method. The dedicated communication method only transmits relay protection information and does not transmit other information, mainly because the dedicated communication method is a dedicated Fibre Channel established specifically for relay protection. The communication distance of the dedicated communication method is generally within 100km, which can meet the basic requirements of power enterprises. This kind of method has the characteristics of high propagation efficiency, simple method, no intermediate links and equipment, etc., and can effectively apply and short-distance relay protection information transmission.
The second multiplexed optical fiber communication method. The multiplexed communication method is mainly composed of the cooperation of each optical fiber in the vertical protection. The relay protection device emits a permissible signal and a straight jump signal in the permissible mode, and then the signal is transmitted to the relevant multiplexed equipment through the audio interface, and then to Fibre Channel. Simple wiring is a great advantage of this transmission method, which has an important role in promoting the maintenance and operation of circuit systems. The multiplexed optical fiber communication method is widely used in long-distance line protection. Due to its many advantages, Fibre Channel is widely used in relay protection equipment. With the development of the times and the advancement of science and technology, China's relay protection will be oriented to the development of informatization, networking and intelligence in the future, which puts forward higher requirements for the work of relay protection, and also brings higher requirements for optical modules, the core components of optical fiber communication. On the one hand, there is huge market potential, with nearly 300,000 shipments of relay equipment-related optical module segments in 2021. Market demand is expected to grow by another 15% per year. On the other hand, thermal control of optical modules as well as thermal design and tougher challenges. The requirements for the stability and reliability of relay protection equipment limit some commonly used heat dissipation designs, such as the prohibition of fans in the equipment; Higher protection class requirements limit heat dissipation through chassis cut-outs. Under normal circumstances, only natural convection and conduction can be used to control the internal ambient temperature of the equipment to meet the operating requirements. Therefore, in the case of increasing heat consumption at the board level and some traditional heat dissipation methods are limited by standards, it is difficult to carry out effective heat dissipation design of modules, and effective product thermal design methods are required, and the introduction of new materials and new processes is explored.
The reasonable application of optical fiber communication technology can smoothly improve the function and safety of relay protection, so as to smoothly meet the basic needs of power enterprises, complete the protection of related lines, and promote the safety and stability of the power system.